3DRPG游戏开发核心功能04-数值文件和保存数据

主要技术：Scripts Object 数值文件，角色升级系统，JSON数据保存

Scripts Object 数值文件

CharacterData 人物数值

生命数值

• 在菜单中创建数值文件类型

  [CreateAssetMenu(fileName ="New Data", menuName = "Character Stats/Data")]

  

• 生命基础数值类型（玩家和敌人各一个）

  # CharacterData_SO
  [CreateAssetMenu(fileName ="New Data", menuName = "Character Stats/Data")]
  public class CharacterData_SO : ScriptableObject
  {
      [Header("Stats Info")]
      // 最大血量
      public int maxHealth;
      // 当前血量
      public int currentHealth;
      // 基础防御
      public int baseDefence;
      // 当前防御
      public int currentDefence;
      [Header("Kill")]
      public int killPoint;
  }

  

• 读取数据类型：用属性的方法读写给GameObject（挂载该脚本给玩家和敌人）

  # CharacterStates
  public class CharacterStates : MonoBehaviour
  {
      public CharacterData_SO characterData;
      public AttackData_SO attackData;
      // 可读 可写
      // 最大生命值
      public int MaxHealth 
      {
          get { if (characterData != null) return characterData.maxHealth; else return 0; }
          set { characterData.maxHealth = value; }
      }
      // 当前生命值
      public int CurrentHealth
      {
          get{ if (characterData != null) return characterData.currentHealth; else return 0; }
          set{ characterData.currentHealth = value; }
      }
      // 基础防御力
      public int BaseDefence
      {
          get{if (characterData != null) return characterData.baseDefence; else return 0; }
          set{ characterData.baseDefence = value; }
      }
      // 当前防御力
      public int CurrentDefence
      {
          get{ if (characterData != null) return characterData.currentDefence; else return 0; }
          set{ characterData.currentDefence = value; }
      }
  }

• 使用

  # PlayerController
  public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour
  {
      private CharacterStates characterStates;
      void Awake()    
      {
          characterStates = GetComponent<CharacterStates>();
      }
      void Start()
      {
          characterStates.MaxHealth = 2;
      }

攻击数值

• 在菜单创建攻击数值模板

  [CreateAssetMenu(fileName = "New Attack", menuName = "Attack/Attack Data")]

  

• 攻击数值类型（玩家和敌人各一个）

  [CreateAssetMenu(fileName = "New Attack", menuName = "Attack/Attack Data")]
  public class AttackData_SO : ScriptableObject
  {
      //攻击距离
      public float attackRange;
      //远程距离
      public float skillRange;
      //冷却时间
      public float coolDown;
      //最小攻击值
      public float minDange;
      // 最大攻击值
      public float maxDamage;
      // 暴击
      public float criticalMultiplier;
      //暴击率
      public float criticalChance;
  }

• 使用 characterStates.attackData.attackRange

  # Player Controller
  //修改攻击范围参数，持续不断循环>攻击范围，武器长度
  while (Vector3.Distance(attackTarget.transform.position, transform.position) > characterStates.attackData.attackRange)
  {
      agent.destination = attackTarget.transform.position;    // 点击目标
      yield return null;
  }

  # Enemy Controller
  // 近战
  bool TargetInAttackRange()
  {
      if (attackTarget != null)
          return Vector3.Distance(attackTarget.transform.position, transform.position) <= characterStates.attackData.attackRange;
      else
          return false;
  }
  // 远程
  bool TargetInSkillRange()
  {
      if (attackTarget != null)
          return Vector3.Distance(attackTarget.transform.position, transform.position) <= characterStates.attackData.skillRange;
      else
          return false;
  }

攻击效果计算

• 伤害计算：攻击 - 防御 出现暴击就 *暴击百分比

  # CharacterStates   
  // 受伤计算方式
  public void TakeDamage(CharacterStates attacker, CharacterStates defener)   // 两个Character类型的参数
  {
      // 攻击者的攻击-受攻击的防御 防御可能高于其攻击，最小为0
      int damage = Math.Max(attacker.CurrentDamage() - defener.CurrentDefence, 0);   
      // 血量最低为0
      CurrentHealth = Math.Max(CurrentHealth - damage, 0);                                    
  	// 暴击
      if (attacker.isCritical)
      {
          defener.GetComponent<Animator>().SetTrigger("Hit");
      }
  }
  // 函数重载 直接写即可
  public void TakeDamage(int damage, CharacterStates defener)
  {
      int currentdamage = Mathf.Max(damage - defener.CurrentDefence, 0);
      CurrentHealth = Mathf.Max(CurrentHealth - currentdamage, 0);
  }
  
  private int CurrentDamage()
  {
      float coreDamage = UnityEngine.Random.Range(attackData.minDange, attackData.maxDamage);
      if (isCritical)
      {
          coreDamage *= attackData.criticalMultiplier;
          Debug.Log("暴击！" + coreDamage);
      }
      return (int)coreDamage;
  }

动画关键帧添加事件

即动画在执行该关键帧时触发事件，事件中的n个函数执行，产生效果

void Hit()
{
    // 获取目标数据
    var targetStates = attackTarget.GetComponent<CharacterStates>();
    targetStates.TakeDamage(characterStates, targetStates);
}

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升级系统

• 数值参数里面添加

# CharacterData_SO
    
    [Header("Kill")]
    public int killPoint;

    [Header("Level")]
    public int currentLevel;    // 当前等级
    public int maxLevel;        // 最高等级
    public int baseExp;         // 基础经验
    public int currentExp;      // 当前经验
    public float levelBuff;       // 升级加成
	// 每次升级要增加的经验：2级 2-1=1级需要的经验*buffer
    public float LevelMultiplier{ get { return 1 + (currentLevel - 1) * levelBuff; } }
    // 小怪死亡加的经验
    public void UpdateExp(int point)
    {
        currentExp += point;

        if (currentExp >= baseExp)
            LevelUp();
    }
	// 升级
    private void LevelUp()
    {
        // 提升方法
        // 返回最大值，不会超过最高等级
        currentLevel = Mathf.Clamp(currentLevel + 1, 0, maxLevel);  
        // 升级下阶段需要
        baseExp += (int)(baseExp * LevelMultiplier);   
        // 升级血量上升
        maxHealth = (int)(maxHealth * levelBuff);       
        currentHealth = maxHealth;
        Debug.Log("Level Up!" + currentLevel + "Max Health: " + maxHealth);
    }

• 调用

# CharacterStates

// 受伤计算方式，  两个CharacterStates类型的参数，传进来两个数据
public void TakeDamage(CharacterStates attacker, CharacterStates defener) 
{
    // 攻击者的攻击-受攻击的防御 防御可能高于其攻击，最小为0
    int damage = Math.Max(attacker.CurrentDamage() - defener.CurrentDefence, 0);         
    CurrentHealth = Math.Max(CurrentHealth - damage, 0); 
	// 暴击
    if (attacker.isCritical)
    {
        defener.GetComponent<Animator>().SetTrigger("Hit");
    }
    // 血条UI和任务升级属性等 
    UpdateHealthBarOnAttack?.Invoke(CurrentHealth, MaxHealth);
    // attacker添加经验值
    if (CurrentHealth <= 0)
        attacker.characterData.UpdateExp(characterData.killPoint);  // 死了就自身killPoint加到攻击者
}

---

保存数据

JSON 类型变成 String 保存 SetString

• object 基类

# SaveManager
public class SaveManager : Singleton<SaveManager>
{
    protected override void Awake()
    {
        base.Awake();
        DontDestroyOnLoad(this);
    }

    void Update()
    {
        // S存档
        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.S))
        {
            SavePlayerData();
        }
        // l读档
        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.L))
        {
            LoadPlayerData();
        }
    }
	// 存档
    public void SavePlayerData()
    {
        Save(GameManager.Instance.playStats.characterData, GameManager.Instance.playStats.characterData.name);
    }
	// 读档
    public void LoadPlayerData()
    {
        Load(GameManager.Instance.playStats.characterData, GameManager.Instance.playStats.characterData.name);
    }

    // 存档(在注册表)
    public void Save(Object data, string Key)   // Object最大基类 Key为名字
    {
        // 转换为JSON
        var jsonData = JsonUtility.ToJson(data, true);  
        // 保存至系统磁盘
        PlayerPrefs.SetString(Key, jsonData);       
        PlayerPrefs.Save();
    }
    // 读档
    public void Load(Object data, string key)
    {
        // HashKey 判断是否存有数据
        if (PlayerPrefs.HasKey(key)) 
        {
            JsonUtility.FromJsonOverwrite(PlayerPrefs.GetString(key), data);
        }         
    }
}

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